Which fungal infection is associated with red papules on the scalp?

Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp that is recognized for causing scaly patches and red papules. It is commonly caused by dermatophytes, a type of fungus that targets keratinized tissues such as the hair and nails. The presence of red papules is a key symptom of this condition, which can lead to inflammation and hair loss if left untreated.

This infection typically presents with areas of hair loss, itching, and sometimes even kerion, which is a painful, inflamed mass that can develop as a response to the infection. Tinea capitis is most commonly seen in children but can affect individuals of all ages.

In contrast, other options refer to different conditions: Tinea barbae affects the beard area; tinea favosa causes a distinct scarring type of infection characterized by yellow crusts; and alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition that leads to hair loss without visible scalp infection. Understanding the specific characteristics of these conditions helps clarify why tinea capitis is the correct answer for this question.